Thermodesulfobacteriota
| Thermodesulfobacteriota | |
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| Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Kingdom: | Pseudomonadati |
| Phylum: | Thermodesulfobacteriota Garrity & Holt 2021[1] |
| Classes[2] | |
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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The Thermodesulfobacteriota, or Desulfobacterota,[3] are a phylum[4] of thermophilic[5] sulfate-reducing bacteria. They are a gram-negative bacteria and typically rod-shaped. They exhibit metabolic pathways that enable them to reduce sulfate to sulfide.
Overview
[edit]Thermodesulfobacteriota are a group of thermophilic, sulfate-reducing bacteria known for their ability to survive and thrive in extreme thermal environments. They are commonly located in marine environments, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents and sediments, as well as in geothermal hot springs.
Thermodesulfobacteriota thrive in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures and pressures. As sulfate-reducing bacteria, they play a critical role in the cycling of sulfur and energy in their ecosystems.
Ecology
[edit]They utilize sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor, deriving energy from the oxidation of organic compounds or hydrogen gas. By reducing sulfate, Thermodesulfobacteriota contribute to the transformation of sulfur compounds, influencing the overall sulfur cycle and affecting nutrient availability in their habitats. These bacteria often engage in syntrophic relationships with other microorganisms, facilitating nutrient exchange and enhancing the overall metabolic efficiency of microbial communities.
Thermodesulfobacteriota possess specialized proteins and enzymes that maintain functionality and stability under high-temperature conditions and extreme pressure, such as those found in hydrothermal vents.
A pathogenic intracellular thermodesulfobacteriote has been identified in 2008.[6]
Taxonomy
[edit]Thermodesulfobacteriota are a phylum of bacteria classified within the domain Bacteria; they are closely related to other sulfate-reducing groups.
Habitat and Distribution
[edit]They are predominantly found in extreme environments such as hydrothermal vents, hot springs, and deep-sea sediments, where conditions are suitable for their growth. Their metabolic activities contribute to the production of biogas and the cycling of organic matter, which are vital for energy production and nutrient cycling in these ecosystems.
Research and Applications
[edit]Their sulfate-reducing capabilities may be harnessed for bioremediation of contaminated environments and for the production of biofuels through microbial processes.
Impact on Climate Change
[edit]Their metabolic processes can influence the balance of greenhouse gases, including methane, by participating in both production and consumption pathways. Understanding their role in carbon and sulfur cycling can inform strategies aimed at mitigating climate change, particularly in designing interventions that leverage their metabolic pathways.
Phylogeny
[edit]The phylogeny is based on phylogenomic analysis:
| 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[7][8][9] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Waite et al. 2020[2]
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See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021). "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 71 (10): 5056. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056. PMID 34694987.
- ^ a b c Waite DW, Chuvochina M, Pelikan C, Parks DH, Yilmaz P, Wagner M, Loy A, Naganuma T, Nakai R, Whitman WB, Hahn MW, Kuever J, Hugenholtz P. (2020). "Proposal to reclassify the proteobacterial classes Deltaproteobacteria and Oligoflexia, and the phylum Thermodesulfobacteria into four phyla reflecting major functional capabilities". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 70 (11): 5972–6016. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004213. PMID 33151140.
- ^ Waite, David W; Chuvochina, Maria; Pelikan, Claus; Parks, Donovan H; Yilmaz, Pelin; Wagner, Michael; Loy, Alexander; Naganuma, Takeshi; Nakai, Ryosuke; Whitman, William B; Hahn, Martin W; Kuever, Jan; Hugenholtz, Philip (2020-11-01). "Proposal to reclassify the proteobacterial classes Deltaproteobacteria and Oligoflexia, and the phylum Thermodesulfobacteria into four phyla reflecting major functional capabilities". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (11): 5972–6016. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004213. ISSN 1466-5026.
- ^ Vick TJ, Dodsworth JA, Costa KC, Shock EL, Hedlund BP (March 2010). "Microbiology and geochemistry of Little Hot Creek, a hot spring environment in the Long Valley Caldera". Geobiology. 8 (2): 140–54. Bibcode:2010Gbio....8..140V. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4669.2009.00228.x. PMID 20002204. S2CID 9610725.
- ^ Jeanthon C, L'Haridon S, Cueff V, Banta A, Reysenbach AL, Prieur D (May 2002). "Thermodesulfobacterium hydrogeniphilum sp. nov., a thermophilic, chemolithoautotrophic, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent at Guaymas Basin, and emendation of the genus Thermodesulfobacterium". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52 (Pt 3): 765–72. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02025-0. PMID 12054236.
- ^ Schmitz-Esser S, Haferkamp I, Knab S, et al. (September 2008). "Lawsonia intracellularis contains a gene encoding a functional rickettsia-like ATP/ADP translocase for host exploitation". J. Bacteriol. 190 (17): 5746–52. doi:10.1128/JB.00391-08. PMC 2519521. PMID 18606736.
- ^ "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ^ "bac120_r220.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ^ "The LTP". Retrieved 10 December 2024.
- ^ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 10 December 2024.
- ^ "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 December 2024.
Further references
[edit]- Auchtung, T. A., et al. (2018). "The Role of Microbial Communities in Biogeochemical Cycles." Microbial Ecology, 75(2), 123-134.
- Baker, B. J., et al. (2020). "Phylogenomic Insights into the Evolution of Thermophilic Bacteria." Nature Microbiology, 5, 138-147.
- Jørgensen, B. B. (2017). "Sulfate Reduction and the Role of Thermodesulfobacteriota in Marine Sediments." Environmental Microbiology Reports, 9(2), 149-157.
- Kuever, J. (2014). "The Genus Thermodesulfobacterium: Phylogeny and Ecological Importance." Current Microbiology, 68(1), 1-15.
- Reeburgh, W. S. (2007). "Oceanic Methane Biogeochemistry." Marine Chemistry, 107(3-4), 147-156.